Method of one-sided riveting tool for its performance

ABSTRACT

One-sided riveting with hollow rivets is accomplished by first anchoring a hollow rivet on a mandrel with an uneven surface by action of lateral forces, inserting the thus anchored rivet into a prepared opening, with a subsequent pulling of the mandrel while the top of the rivet rests against a rest, thus creating a head of the rivet on the turned off side.

United States Patent 1191 3,838,499

Fuller Oct. 1, 1974 METHOD OF ONE-SIDED RIVETING TOOL 2,1 22 1/1940 FoRITS PERFORMANCE [75] Inventor: Josef Fuller, Nove Mesto nad 2: 43:019 61953 Vahom, Czechoslovakia 3,322,449 5/1967 [73] Assignee: Vyskumnyustav mechanizaciea automatizacie, Vohom,

Czechoslovakia OTHER PUBLICATIONS [22 i 2 1973 A.P.C., S.N. 406072,Daude, Pub. 5-1943.

[21] Appl' 335747 Primary Examiner-Richard J. Herbst AssistantExaminer-James R. Duzan [30] Foreign Application Priority Data Attorney,Agent, or FirmMurray Schaffer Mar. 7, 1972 Czechoslovakia 1492-72 [57]ABSTRACT 52 Cl 2 2 I I 1 U S 9/509 29/ 43 52 9 One-s1ded r1vet1ng vw1thhollow r1vets 1s accomphshed 51 1m. 01 B21d 39/00 by first anchming arivet mandrel with 58 Field of Search 72/391, 406, 114; 85/77, unevenSurface by 9 lateral mes, l 85/82 29/243 52 509 the thus anchored r1vetmto a prepared openmg, w1th a subsequent pulling of the mandrel whilethe top of [56] References Cited the rivet rests against a rest, thuscreating a head of UNITED STATES PATENTS the I'lVetOl'l the turned offside. 1,102,937 7/1914 Malaby 72/391 9 Claims, 9 Drawing Figures I6 2/[8 /l/[ l 1 [I 1 1 2 I I5 l 1 l t METHOD OF ONE-SIDED RIVETING TOOL FORITS PERFORMANCE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates toone-sided riveting with hollow rivets, where the deforming force acts ina direction opposite to the direction in which the rivet is insertedinto its opening. The invention equally relates to a riveting tool forperforming'this method of riveting.

Different one-sided riveting methods are actually known based on amechanical deformation of the shank of a rivet to a rivet head by meansof extending pull or tearing mandrels or on the principle of deformingthe shank due to expansion of gases in case of explosion or due to aslower chemical reaction of material situated in the shank of the rivet.Known riveting methods of this kind have a number of drawbacks, as forinstance increased manufacturing costs of special rivets, which are morecomplicated than common rivets. Another drawback is that the rivetingitself is cumbersome and the checking of the riveted joint is sometimesrather difficult.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION.

It is an object of this invention to provide a method and an arrangementfor one-sided riveting, which would not require specially shaped rivets.

It is another object of this inventipn to enable an easy and effectiveone-sided riveting with a simple tool.

It is a further object of this invention to provide riveted joints withclosed or open rivets.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from thefollowing description.

According to this invention a hollow rivet is first anchored on amandrel of a riveting tool having a uneven surface by the action oflateral forces, the thus anchored rivet is inserted into the respectiveopening whereas the mandrel is pulled while the top of the rivet restsagainst a rest, whereby a rivet head is formed on the turned-off side.The acting surface of the mandrel has at least one recess or extensionor a thread. The corresponding riveting tool has at least one mandrelsupported rotatably around an axis perpendicular to the axis of themandrel, advantageously however two oppositely arranged mandrels areprovided situated in a rotatable body of a riveting head with an insertslidable in this body, the insert closed at both ends by rests, themandrel slidably guided in the rest, the mandrel provided with a dog fortaking along the mandrel in the body of the riveting head, guidinggrooves being provided for the dog in the body of the riveting head andin the insert symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of themandrel.

An advantage of the one sided riveting according to this invention isprimarily, that for this riveting tubular rivets with different headscan be used or simple hollow rivets with a closed end of the shank, orfinally simple tubes in the shape of a smooth bushing or rivets if theshape of a simple cartridge box with a dome shaped or flat bottom. Bothheads of similar rivets are formed in the course of a single operation.

An advantage is also that for a closed riveted joint simple hollowrivets are used without any additional accessories of the rivets. Theriveting according to this invention enables also to form rivet nuts ina closed or open shape. The checking of the riveted joint is also simpleand quick by measuring the longitudinal deformation of the rivet. Thecorresponding riveting tool is thereby simple in design and easy tohandle.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING.

The riveting according to this invention is described on hand of theattached drawing, where FIG. 1 shows in longitudinal cross sectiondifferent types of rivets suitable for the new method of riveting,

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross section of a hollow rivet on a mandrel ofthe riveting tool and the action of lateral forces on the rivet,

FIG. 3 a longitudinal cross section of a rivet anchored on the mandreland inserted into the hole of the joint to be riveted,

FIG. 4 a longitudinal cross section of the rivet after the mandrel hasbeen pulled out after finished riveted joint,

FIG. 5 a longitudinal cross section of a riveted joint when using arivet according to FIG. 1a of 1d,

FIG. 6 a longitudinal cross section of a riveted joint with athread-with a rivet nut,

FIG. 7 a longitudinal cross section of a riveted joint with an insertedcore for strengthening the joint,

FIG. 8 a longitudinal cross section of riveting tool and FIG. 9 a viewof a mandrel of the riveting tool provided at its end with an extensionfor anchoring.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT.

The riveting tool for riveting according to this invention as shown inFIG. 8 comprises two arms l0, 11 forming a fork of the riveting tool.The body 12 of the riveting head is rotatably supported by these arms10, 11. The body 12 of the riveting head has the shape of a sleeveprovided on its external circumference with bolts for its rotatablesupporting. An insert 13 is slidably arranged within the body 12 of theriveting head. Rests 21 are provided at both extremities of the insert13. A mandrel 15 is slidably arranged within each insert 13. The mandrel15 has on its functional surface recesses for instance in the shape of agrooves or of a thread (FIG. 2) or has an anchoring extension 27. Dogs18 and 17 are provided at the other ends of the mandrels l5 inside theinsert 13 for taking along the mandrels 15, the longitudinal axis ofthese dogs 18 and 17 being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of themandrels 15. The mandrels 15 are mutually pressed one from the other bya pressure spring 16. The free ends of'the dogs 17 and 18 are slidablein guiding grooves 23, 28, 19, 20, which guiding grooves aresymmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis of themandrel 15.

The one-sided riveting according to this invention proceeds for instanceso that a rivet 22 (FIG. 2) is placed on a free mandrel 15 extendingfrom the riveting tool by some feeding mechanism not shown on thedrawing. The body 12 of the riveting head with the rivet 22 isthereafter turned for instance by means of a manual level 26 against theanchoring device 14, which performs the anchoring of the rivet 22 on themandrel 15. I

forcejis acting on the shank of the rivet 22 for instance by jaws 24arranged in the anchoring device 14, deforming the shank of the rivet 22so that its material is pressed into recesses of the mandrel 15. In thecourse of the following return of the arms 10, 11 into their originalposition the mandrel with the rivet 22 anchored thereon is pulled out ofthe anchoring device 14. The rivet 22 anchored on the mandrel 15 isthereafter after turning of the body 12 of the riveting head brought tothe riveting place, where the mandrel 15 with the rivet 22 is insertedeither manually or automatically by a not shown arrangement into therespective opening. The arms 10, 11 are then moved to the right towardsthe anchoring device 14 and after the right rest 21 comes in contactwith parts of the anchoring device 14 the body 12 of the riveting headstarts to be taken along with the arms 10, 11, taking along also the dog18, which starts to pull out the mandrel 15 from the anchored shank ofthe rivet 22, whereby the shank of the rivet 22 is deformed so as toform on the not accessible side of the riveting joint 21 closing head 29(FllG. 4). In the course of pulling out of the mandrel 15 from theanchored rivet 22, the rest 21 on the left side of the riveting toolremains in contact with the external head of the rivet 22. After themandrel 15 has been fully pulled out of the shank of the rivet 22 theriveting joint is finished, the tool is removed and the arms 10, 11return into their starting position. in the course of deforming theshank of the rivet 22 in the riveting joint, the anchoring of a furtherrivet proceeds'at the opposite side of the body 12 of the riveting headin the already described manner.

The same result can be achieved if the arms 10, 11 and the body 12 ofthe riveting head remain stable and the anchoring device 14 is moved tothe left.

The closing rivet head 29 can be different according to the chosenarrangement of the functioning part of the mandrel, a thread can be forinstance formed inside the rivet (see H6. 6). The riveting joint can befurthermore closed or also reinforced by introduction of a core 10.

If a rivet nut (FIG. 6) has to be formed, the riveting process is thesame as described, solely the last phase of the process differs in thatafter the closing rivet head 29 is finished, the mandrel 15 is from thefinished rivet nut unthreaded, in order not to damage the thread of therivet nut.

1 claim:

1. The method of blind riveting hollow rivets, comprising in applying toa mandrel, having an uneven surface in part, a hollow rivet, applyinglateral forces on the shank of said rivet in order to anchor said riveton said mandrel, inserting the mandrel with the thus anchored rivet intothe respective opening of a riveting joint, pulling the mandrel in adirection opposite to the direction in which it has been inserted whilethe top of the rivet rests against a stable rest, deforming the distantpart of the rivet to form the distant rivet head and removing themandrel from said rivet.

2. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the rivet is anchored on themandrel in a separate operatic prior to the actual riveting.

3. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the rivet is anchored on themandrel in an associated operation during the riveting of a previouslyanchored rivet.

, 4. A blind riveting tool comprising a riveting head supported by apair of arms forming a fork, said riveting head including a body havingat least one insert arranged slidably therein, and a rest closing eachend of said insert, a mandrel slidably supported in each rest and aspring disposed between the rests urging the mandrels in oppositedirections from each other, the sliding movement of the mandrels beingdefined by dogs guided in grooves provided in said body and said insert.

5. The tool according to claim 4 wherein said body is mounted withinsaid fork to be rotatable about an axis transverse to the direction ofmovement of the mandrels. I

6. The tool according to claim 4 wherein at least one of said mandrelsis formed with a part of its functioning surface uneven.

7. The tool according to claim 4 wherein a part of the functioningsurface of at least one of the mandrels is formed with recesses.

8. The tool according to claim 4 wherein part of the functioning surfaceof at least one of the mandrels is formed with an axial extension.

9. The tool according to claim 4' wherein a part of the functioningsurface of at least one of the mandrels is formed with a thread.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No.3,838,499 Dated I er 1974 Inventor g I JOZef It is certified that errorappears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent arehereby corrected as shown below:

The inventor name shouldread Jozef Fulier Signed and sealed this 3rd dayof December 1974.

(SEAL) Attest:

MCCOY M. GIBSON JR. C. MARSHALL DANN Attesting Officer CommissionerofPatents ORM Po-1050 (10-69) Uscmmwbc 603764369 U.-S. GOVERNMENT PRINTINGF F|CE:

1. The method of blind riveting hollow rivets, comprising in applying toa mandrel, having an uneven surface in part, a hollow rivet, applyinglateral forces on the shank of said rivet in order to anchor said riveton said mandrel, inserting the mandrel with the thus anchored rivet intothe respective opening of a riveting joint, pulling the mandrel in adirection opposite to the direction in which it has been inserted whilethe top of the rivet rests against a stable rest, deforming the distantpart of the rivet to form the distant rivet head and removing themandrel from said rivet.
 2. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein therivet is anchored on the mandrel in a separate operation prior to theactual riveting.
 3. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the rivet isanchored on the mandrel in an associated operation during the rivetingof a previously anchored rivet.
 4. A blind riveting tool comprising ariveting head supported by a pair of arms forming a fork, said rivetinghead including a body having at least one insert arranged slidablytherein, and a rest closing each end of said insert, a mandrel slidablysupported in each rest and a spring disposed between the rests urgingthe mandrels in opposite directions from each other, the slidingmovement of the mandrels being defined by dogs guided in groovesprovided in said body and said insert.
 5. The tool according to claim 4wherein said body is mounted within said fork to be rotatable about anaxis transverse to the direction of movement of the mandrels.
 6. Thetool according to claim 4 wherein at least one of said mandrels isformed with a part of its functioning surface uneven.
 7. The toolaccording to claim 4 wherein a part of the functioning surface of atleast one of the mandrels is formed with recesses.
 8. The tool accordingto claim 4 wherein part of the functioning surface of at least one ofthe mandrels is formed with an axial extension.
 9. The tool according toclaim 4 wherein a part of the functioning surface of at least one of themandrels is formed with a thread.